Radiology II

Course Director: Thomas M. Hanson DVM, MS Professor Diagnostic Imaging, SAMS, SVM, SGU Email Address: thanson3@sgu.edu
Office Location: Cassia building, True Blue Campus, Lower floor
Office Hours: by appointment via e-mail or zoom session

Administration:

Ms Ruth Thornhill
SAMS, Cassia building, lower floor, True Blue Campus Email Address: rthornhill@sgu.edu

Lectures:    In-person, recorded via Zoom

Labs; in person, due to the highly interactive nature, lab sessions are NOT recorded

Examination- One quiz delivered within Sakai/My Courses/Test and quizzes

Final examination will be delivered by Examsoft

(texts, journal articles, course notes, laptop specs, etc.)

Radiology I course notes

Anatomy I and II for reference

Students are NOT required to acquire a textbook, the recommended textbooks are listed below: Main recommended textbook: Thrall, D.E. Textbook of Veterinary Diagnostic Radiology, 7^th Edition, Elsevier/ Saunders 2018. Includes chapters on physics of radiology and normal radiographic anatomy of Canine, Feline and Equine species. This is a very good reference for more in-depth reading. It covers all the material that will be discussed in lectures and labs. Available at the library.

Additional recommended textbooks:

Butler,J.A., Colles, C.M., Dyson, S.J., Kold, S.J. and Poulos, P.W., Clinical Radiology of the Horse, 4th Edition. Wiley-Blackwell 2017. Kindle edition available.

'Handbook of Equine Radiography' by Martin Weaver and Safia Barakzai, Saunders and Elsevier, 2010

Websites: These are definitively worth looking at:

Radiology website with normal radiographic anatomy of main domestic species of the University of Illinois: http://vetmed.illinois.edu/courses/imaging_anatomy/index.html

London Royal Veterinary College website on normal radiographic anatomy:

http://www.onlineveterinaryanatomy.net/

Students with disabilities who need accommodations should contact Student Accessibility and Accommodations Services (SAAS), located in the Dean of Students Office.

Information can be found at mycampus.sgu.edu/group/saas

For the lab sessions, writing material of your choice is required to write responses for the cases provided during the labs.

The student should at the end of the course be able to competently recognize the normal radiographic anatomy of the equine and bovine. The basic principles of how the image formation and interpretation are reapplied building on Term 1/ SAMS 501 knowledge. Students should be familiar with the standard projections, how they are obtained and the anatomy shown. The course offers the theoretical and practical basis for learning and understanding radiolographic anatomy of the equine and bovine species. The course serves as a basis for clinical radiology taught in terms 5 and 6.

Lectures are delivered in-person with Powerpoint slides available in PDF format. The course contains 7 lectures. Lectures will be provided on normal bovine and equine radiographic anatomy, standard projections, examples of the juvenile and adult skeleton of both species and species differences. The lectures will cover the distal and proximal fore and hindlimbs, thorax, vertebral column and the skull. One lecture is dedicated to basic radiographic technique and anatomy of the avian species. Lecture attendance is expected, attendance will be taken.

Labs are provided according to the schedule. The individual labs are dedicated to different anatomical regions as listed in the schedule. There will be 6 Labs. Each lab covers one or several anatomic region(s)

• Students will work within groups to prepare a series of review questions pertaining to the lecture material.
• Groups will have 1 hours of lab time to prepare, with a review of the previous lecture also included
• Groups will be divided into positioning, images/image quality, normal anatomy, comparative anatomy
• No points towards the course grade are earned in lab, however, any subject material discussed in lab can be tested on the quiz or final exam
• Lab attendance is mandatory, attendance will be taken

Office hours available by appointment.

Upon successful completion of this course, the student will be able to…

• Have knowledge of the basic principles of radiographic technique, sources of potential artifacts and their prevention as taught in Radiology I
• Recognize the standard projections used in equine and bovine radiology
• Recognize the function of the different projections, i.e. what anatomic structures are highlighted in which projection
• Identify and explain the normal radiographic anatomy of the skeletal and thoracic systems of the equine, bovine and body systems of avian species, juvenile specimens and variations thereof
• Explain how to obtain and label equine and bovine radiographs correctly
• Apply the correct radiographic terms used in describing radiographs
• Acquire skills in verbally describing radiographs
• Be aware of the potential radiation hazards to personnel, patients and the public when performing equine/bovine and avian radiographs in order to ensure its safe use in clinical practice

Lab location: Charter Hall,, Ground floor

Types of assessment: There will one quiz during the course and will be available in My Courses: Tests and quizzes tab. The examination will consist of MC question type questions and a considerable number of the questions will include images. It will account for 9% of the overall points. The final examination will be available via Examsoft and will be cumulative and cover course material since the quiz and will account for 91% of the overall points. Students need to be familiar with the use of the test and quizzes software and Examsoft prior to the examinations.

Make-up and Completion exams may include question types other than MC. Students need to be familiar with the use of the test and quizzes in My Courses and the ExamSoft/ Examplify software. A ‘practice examination’ can be downloaded in ExamSoft to practice image manipulation.

Examination material will be all information provided on My Courses including lectures, radiology labs, self study questions, lab and self study keys and panopto recordings and all the material made available for Radiology II/ SAMS 502 on ’My Courses’.

Exam- type questions will be supplied to become familiar with the type of questions asked and no breakdown of the questions prior to the exam will be provided. The exam is sequestered. The only time when questions can be viewed is during the exam.

In all exams, a maximum of 1 point is awarded per question answered correctly. Questions may be complex and correct answers must be given to obtain the point.

If there are queries regarding exam content after the exam, these should be submitted in writing via the class representative(s) to the course director/ instructors. The content of such queries must be worded professionally and reviewed and edited by the class representative prior to submission.

A grade reduction of 5% will be applied to that exam if students do not observe the parameters listed in the Assessment Policy for Students.

The SGU SVM grading scale applies:

Examination/Quiz details: SAMS 502 / Radiology II

Grading criteria: Grading is objective. There is a maximum of one point per correct answer, i.e. the number of total points making up the final course grade is the sum of correct answers achieved in the final exam and test quiz.

Note that Lab attendance does not incur points towards the final course grade, however unexcused negative lab attendance may negatively influence the final course grade

Student feedback for outcomes assessment evaluation

Students are encouraged to leave constructive comments, suggestions and criticism, at the end of the course, for faculty and instructors to review and consider. Professionalism is expected.

Students should read all of the material provided in lectures and labs. When studying for the examination, all the material that is provided on MyCourses must be reviewed for the relevant exam. Exam contents are roughly summarized under XIII and will be announced again prior to the exam. Since DI works with images, the images supplied in the lecture and lab material are good examples of the anatomy discussed and must be recognized. The common features and appearance on radiographs of the bovine, equine and avian anatomy discussed must be known. Reviewing images in the listed additional sources will increase confidence in recognition of the radiographic appearance of normal tissues. If the visual aspect of DI is a challenge, drawing the structures may be of help to be able to visualize it.

Course goals (Instructor’s point of view)

The student should at the end of the course be able to competently recognize the radiographic anatomy of the equine and bovine species including some examples/ comparisons of these species, know the basic principles of how the images are created, the standard projections for each anatomic region and the radiographic appearance of the anatomy in the various projections, know the basics of image interpretation and follow good radiographic practice (including technique and radiation safety principles). Students are expected to read the supplied documentation. Reviewing of corresponding material from Anatomy II prior to the lectures and review of the lecture prior to radiology labs is recommended. The material is provided on My Courses. The radiology labs cover the preceding lecture material unless the timetable does not allow it, and students are expected to be familiar with the material taught in lectures, so it can be applied during the lab classes.

The course does offer the theoretical and practical basis for learning and understanding radiological anatomy of the horse, the limbs of the bovine and examples of the avian species. The course builds on Radiology I and serves as a basis for Diagnostic Imaging in Terms 5 and 6. Knowledge of the basic principles of Physics of radiology as taught in Term 1 is expected.

Students are expected to behave professionally, courteous and respectful towards their peers, staff and faculty at all times. Cell phones should be turned off or set on silent during lectures and labs. The use of computers, tablets or phones for different purposes other than for following the lecture or Lab being given (i.e. Twitter, facebook, blogs et al) is unprofessional and should not occur. Personal video and audio recording of lectures or labs are not allowed, panopto recordings are created for each lecture and uploaded on MyCourses.

Students are expected to be available during the standard 8-5am AST school day, to virtually attend, engage with online content, and participate in all classes and clinical rotations for which they have registered. Employment is not an excusable absence. Although attendance, engagement, and participation may not be recorded at every academic activity, attendance, engagement, and participation is graded for mandatory sessions. Students’ lack of attendance, engagement, and participation may adversely affect their academic status as specified in the grading policy.

If failure to attend, engage, or participate in individual classes, examinations, and online activities, or from the University itself is anticipated, or occurs spontaneously due to illness or other extenuating circumstances, proper notification procedures must be followed.

Lecture attendance policy: Students are expected to attend all of the lectures. Attendance will be taken

Laboratory session policy: Lab session attendance is mandatory. Attendance will be taken. Due do the length and interactive nature of labs, these sessions are NOT recorded.

Students who fail to attend an examination or submit an assignment by the deadline without a valid reason (see student manual: SGUSVM POLICY ON AN EXCUSED ABSENCE (EA) FOR STUDENTS) will receive a score of “0” points for the examination.

Students who have technical issues during the examination MUST inform the Course Director Dr Hanson on thanson3@sgu.edu and IT (tellexaminationservices@sgu.edu OR support@sgu.edu OR call 1-631-665-8500 ext. 4444 (US, NU, International) OR 1-473-439-2000 ext. 4444 (Grenada), AND Dean of Students (DOS@sgu.edu ) during the open period for the examination. Failure to do so immediately will result in the student receiving a score of “0” points for the examination.

Scheduling of examinations (regular, re-sit, completion, comprehensive, or exemption) is at the discretion of the School. . Carenage/ Medical Excuse Submissions/ SVM Examinations will be accepted. If you don’t think you are healthy enough to take an exam, please inform Dr Hanson PRIOR to the time of the exam. Excuses that are issued after the examination has started/ been given will not be accepted. If an extended absence is required, a leave of absence form from the Dean of Students office must be submitted. University protocol limits you to 2 medical excuses per year only, and then you need a medical leave of absence. . Students who fail to appear for an examination without a valid reason (see student manual: SGU SVM POLICY ON AN EXCUSED ABSENCE (EA) FOR STUDENTS) will receive a score of “0” points for the examination

Scheduling of examinations (regular, re-sit, completion, comprehensive, or exemption) is at the discretion of the University.

All students are responsible for knowing and complying with the University’s Code of Conduct and the guidelines. Students must read and then sign the Honor Code statement at the start of examinations to indicate that they will comply with the University Code of Conduct.

Prior to Exam Day

1. Each student is required to have a laptop for the purpose of taking computer-based examinations (e-Exams) at SGU. Students must ensure that their laptops meet the current minimum system requirements prior to exam day:
2. Examinees must use their MY SGU Member Center username and password to access the Custom Home Page (www.examsoft.com/sgu) created by ExamSoft for the University.
3. Examinees are responsible for downloading and registering the latest version of Examplify on their laptop prior to exam day. Once Examplify has been successfully downloaded, examinees are strongly encouraged to familiarize themselves with the software by downloading and taking practice exams.
4. Examinees are responsible for setting their laptop up for ExamMonitor prior to the exam (see links below).
5. Examinees will be notified via MyCourses, of all exam related information. Email notifications will also be sent from ExamSoft Support to examinees, notifying them of examinations available for downloading.
6. Examinees experiencing difficulties with their laptop are encouraged to contact the IT department for assistance prior to exam day. If on Grenada examinees needing a laptop must visit the Office of Institutional Advancement (OIA) to request an exam loaner.
7. Examinees should visit the following information to familiarize themselves with the online proctored exam format and set up their baseline photo.
   1. A Examsoft/ExamID quick guide for students (Please note that the current Examplify version is 2.3.8)
   2. The examsoft student perspective video 30mins
   3. The Examsoft/ExamID FAQ
   4. Examsoft information page
   5. The general Reminders/Guidelines

On Exam Day

1. All examinees scheduled to sit a computer-based exam are required to bring their laptops and all necessary accessories, (mouse, Ethernet cable and power cord/battery charger), for use on exam day.
2. Examinees must reset the clock on their laptops to the correct local time and time zone (Atlantic Standard Time - AST).
3. An examinee who is experiencing a computer problem should notify the course director Dr Hanson immediately:- email address Thanson3@sgu.edu AND IT (tellexaminationservices@sgu.edu OR support@sgu.edu OR call 1-631-665-8500 ext. 4444 (US, NU, International) OR 1-473-439-2000 ext. 4444 (Grenada), AND Dean of Students (DOS@sgu.edu ) during the open period for the examination. Failure to do so immediately will result in the student receiving a score of “0” points for the examination.
4. No communication of any kind is permitted between examinees once the exam has started.
5. Examinees are not allowed to use a telephone or other communication device at any point during the examination.
6. Examinees found violating any of the Examination Policies and Procedures including attempting to disable or tamper with Exam’s security features will be subject to academic disciplinary action.
7. Permitted Items—only the following items will be allowed for the exam:
   • Laptop and accessories
   • SGU ID
   • Completely clear (see-through) bottle of plain water
   • Items specified by Course Director or permitted by Dean of Students (DOS) office

If there are queries regarding exam content after the exam, these should be submitted in writing via the class representative(s) to the course director/ instructors. The content of any such querymust be worded professionally and if necessary edited by the class representative prior to submission. Students are encouraged to not send questions that may be answered by reviewing the teaching material provided.

Note: For Diagnostic imaging examinations students should familiarize themselves with the use of image manipulation in Examplify, such as magnifying images and panning (using the cursor to ‘move’ the image which is larger than the actual display) the images, which will be needed to assess images, especially when small screens are used.

The materials (such as slides, handouts and audio/video recordings) provided to students who are taking courses at St. George’s University (SGU) are the intellectual property of the Faculty and/or Administration of SGU. Students are free to use these materials solely for the purpose of group or individual study. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.