Livestock Medicine II

Course director

Dr. Stacey Byers, DVM, MS, DACVIM(LA), Associate Professor
sbyers1@sgu.edu
Office Location: Cassia First Floor Office Hours: On request

Other faculty

Dr. Inga Karasek, DVM, MSC, CVA, Associate Professor, Ikarasek1@sgu.edu

Dr. Kerri Nigito, DVM, CPH, MPH, DABVP, Assistant Professor, knigito1@sgu.edu

Staff members

Mrs. Frances Emmanuel, Executive Secretary, LAMS/SAMS Department, femmanuel@sgu.edu Mrs. Ruth Thornhill, Secretary, LAMS/SAMS Department, rthornhill@sgu.edu

Sis Lecture Hall and Sakai My Courses

• Working computer with camera, microphone, and internet access for exams.
• Notes, lecture slides, Panopto recordings (see Sakai).
• Material covered in LAMS 544 (Livestock Medicine I) and previous courses are considered appropriate material for examinations.

• Supplemental reading will be posted on Sakai.
• Useful livestock-oriented texts. Some are available as ebooks through the library or for purchase.
  • Large Animal Internal Medicine, 6th Edition, Smith BP, Van Metre DC, Pusterla N.
  • Diseases of Swine, Zimmerman JJ, Karriker LA, Ramirez A, Schwartz KJ, Stevenson GW.
  • Iowa State University Swine Disease Manual or online at: Iowa State University Swine Diseases Index
  • Llama and Alpaca Care, Cebra C, Anderson D, Tibary A, VanSaun R, Johnson L.
  • Sheep and Goat Medicine, Pugh DG and Baird AN.
  • Veterinary Medicine: A Textbook of the Diseases of Cattle, Horses, Sheep, Pigs, and Goats, Radostits OM, Gay CC, Hinchcliff KW, Constable PD.

1. Students who need accommodations should contact Student Accessibility and Accommodations Services (SAAS), located in the Welcome Center, inside the International Students Office.
2. Information can be found at mycampus.sgu.edu/group/saas

Not applicable

The principles of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases in ruminants, camelids, and swine, are taught utilizing a lecture format with integrated case discussions. Individual and herd medicine and the role of the veterinarian in promotion of a healthy food supply are addressed. Mastery of material presented in this course will prepare the student for clinical rotations of the senior year and clinical practice. This course will continue to build on the livestock topics presented in earlier courses.

Upon successful completion of this course, the student will be able to:

1. Explain the etiology and pathophysiology for livestock animal diseases.
2. Create appropriate differential diagnoses based on presenting complaints, history, physical exam findings, and clinical signs.
3. Determine the appropriate diagnostic tests and interpret the results.
4. Recognize emergency presentations and determine appropriate management strategies.
5. Formulate appropriate treatment and prevention/control strategies for diseases in individuals and herds. Integrate knowledge of legislation regarding appropriate use of therapeutic agents in food producing animals.
6. Identify disease processes and clinical presentations that have a public health significance, including zoonoses and/or those diseases that are reportable to a designated authority.

Introduction and Species Reviews

1. Explain the components of a history and signalment for a herd and individual.
2. Explain the components of a complete PE.
3. Compare and contrast beef and dairy cattle attributes, behavior, breeds, BCS, and production cycle.
4. Compare and contrast the small ruminant species and breeds for behavior, handling, BCS, and production cycles.
5. Compare and contrast camelid and ruminant behavior, handling, BCS, husbandry, and herd health management.

Parasites

1. Review the common internal and external parasites affecting livestock species and the clinical signs, pathophysiology, and zoonotic risks.
2. Select appropriate treatment and control strategies.

Weight loss

1. Explain the common causes of weight loss in ruminants and camelids.
2. Describe diagnostic tests useful for weight loss investigations and interpret results.
3.  Develop treatment and management strategies for improving body condition of ruminants and camelids.

Therapeutics and Vaccines

1. Determine the most appropriate medication for a health situation.
2. Determine the appropriate dose, duration, route, and withdrawal times.
3. Become familiar with trade and generic drug names, banned drugs, and extra label usage.
4. Review the common vaccines, usage, label and extra label use.
5. Design a vaccination protocol for a herd/flock.
6. Explain the risks and protocols for MLV and bacterin vaccines, and where to report adverse reactions.

Euthanasia

1. Review the AVMA and AAEP guidelines for euthanasia.
2. Determine the appropriate euthanasia method based on the situation, species, personnel, disposal, and safety.

Swine

1. Explain the terminology and identification systems used in the swine industry.
2. Describe the production phase and disease risks in each.
3. Describe the reproduction cycle, normal and abnormal parturition, and causes for piglet losses.
4. Describe normal and abnormal PE, behavior, restraint, and treatment methods for various ages, sizes in commercial and potbelly pigs.
5. Explain the etiology, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, and control of noninfectious and infectious swine diseases.
6. Explain which swine diseases are zoonotic or reportable.

Respiratory Tract

1. Describe the etiology, risk factors, and agents involved in respiratory disease in livestock.
2. Explain the clinical signs of upper and lower respiratory tract diseases.
3. Explain the diagnostic tests and results for respiratory diseases.
4. Describe the various control and treatment strategies for infectious respiratory disease and associated economic considerations.
5. Explain the development and clinical signs of pulmonary hypertension in cattle and caudal vena cava thrombosis.

Hemolymphatics

1. Explain the etiology, transmission, clinical signs, treatment, and control methods for infectious and non-infectious causes of anemia.
2. Identify the etiology, clinical signs, diagnosis, and management of anthrax in livestock.
3. Compare and contrast sporadic lymphosarcoma from enzootic LSA (BLV) in cattle and LSA in small ruminants and camelids including diagnostics, treatment, and management strategies.
4. Explain the etiology, transmission, clinical signs, treatment, and control methods for caseous lymphadenitis in small ruminants.

Liver

1. Describe the etiology, clinical signs, diagnostics, treatment, and control of infectious and non-infectious liver disease in livestock.
2. Describe the pathophysiology of liver abscesses and parasites, treatment, control, and potential sequela of each.
3. Describe the pathophysiology, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of ketosis and fatty liver syndrome.

Neurology

1. Explain the clinical signs and common associated diseases based on neurological lesion locations.
2. Explain the etiology, clinical signs, diagnostics, treatment, and prevention strategies for cortical, cerebellar, brainstem, spinal cord, and peripheral neurologic diseases.

Endocrine/Electrolytes

1. Describe the etiology, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, and control mechanisms for calcium, magnesium, and potassium endocrinopathies and imbalances.

Mammary

1. Describe the anatomy, physiology, and immunology of the mammary gland and milk production of various livestock species.
2. Compare and contrast signs, diagnosis, agents, and treatment/prevention of the various types of mastitis.
3. Explain the etiology, clinical signs, and management of non-infectious udder and milk abnormalities.

Multisystemic

1. Explain the clinical signs found in multisystemic diseases such as BVDV, listeriosis, leptospirosis, salmonellosis, Histophilus, Mycoplasma, and CAEV/OPPV.
2. Select the appropriate diagnostic tests for each and explain the results.
3. Explain treatment and control strategies for these diseases.

Grades for this course will be based on 2 assignments and midterm and comprehensive final exams. The final exam will focus on multisystemic diseases so will include relevant information from Term 5 Livestock Medicine I.

The assignment links are in the Weekly Lessons; they are untimed but must be completed by the due dates. The due dates will also be posted on the calendar.

Optional (ungraded) study materials will be posted in the Weekly Lessons. I reserve the right to add bonus points intermittently.

Topics and Points

The grading scale for this course is:

Assessments using ExamSoft and ExamMonitor: A grade reduction of 5% will be applied to that exam if students do not observe the parameters listed in the Assessment Policy for Students.

It is highly recommended to look at the plan at the start of each week in the Sakai Weekly Lessons. Links to all the materials for the week/topic will be provided there. Panopto videos will be linked by the end of the day. Reminders and due dates will be listed in the Weekly Lessons and in the calendar.

Additional individual or group office hours can be made if needed. If a student feels they are falling behind or their grades are inadequate, they should arrange a meeting with their academic advisor as well as someone from the DES office.

For the grading of examinations, the slides and notes, lecture handouts, and the statements made during lecture will be considered correct. Your correction of the notes and information provided is encouraged. However, information found which contradicts these sources must be brought to the attention of the instructor prior to an examination. The source will be evaluated and if indicated, corrections made (to the entire class). Do not expect to receive credit for information that contradicts these sources unless this procedure is followed.

You are expected to attend and participate in classes and keep up with the weekly tasks. If you are having difficulty with the subject matter, are unsure of terminology, etc. please contact the course director (email or in class), ask a classmate, or check reputable sources on the internet.

Assignment extensions must be requested BEFORE the due date. Valid reasons are posted in the student manual.

Students are expected to conduct themselves in an appropriate professional manner in their interactions with lecturers and fellow students. Please be respectful, courteous, and open to other people’s opinions. Cell phones should be switched off or silenced during lectures. Please arrive on time for lectures.

Students are expected to be available during the standard 8:30am- 5:20pm AST school day, to attend, engage with in-person/online content, and participate in all classes and clinical rotations for which they have registered. Employment is not an excusable absence.

Although attendance, engagement, and participation may not be recorded at every academic activity, attendance, engagement, and participation is graded for mandatory sessions. Students’ lack of attendance, engagement, and participation may adversely affect their academic status as specified in the grading policy.

If failure to attend, engage, or participate in individual classes, examinations, and online activities, or from the University itself is anticipated, or occurs spontaneously due to illness or other extenuating circumstances, proper notification procedures must be followed.

You must notify the instructor BEFORE the due date to request an extension for an assignment. Approval requires a valid reason as posted in the student manual. Students who fail to attend an examination (Sakai quiz/test or Examsoft) or submit an assignment by the deadline without a valid reason (see student manual: SGUSVM POLICY ON AN EXCUSED ABSENCE (EA) FOR STUDENTS) will receive a score of “0” points for the examination.

Students who have technical issues during the examination MUST inform the Course Director (Dr. Stacey Byers, sbyers1@sgu.edu ) and IT (tellexaminationservices@sgu.edu OR support@sgu.edu OR call 1- 631-665-8500 ext. 4444 (US, NU, International) OR 1-473-439-2000 ext. 4444 (Grenada), AND Dean of Students (DOS@sgu.edu) during the open period for the examination. Failure to do so immediately will result in the student receiving the highest score recorded at the time, but NOT being eligible to take a completion examination.

Scheduling of examinations (regular, re-sit, completion, comprehensive, or exemption) is at the discretion of the University.

All students are responsible for knowing and complying with the University’s Code of Conduct and the guidelines. Students must read and then sign the Honor Code statement at the start of examinations to indicate that they will comply with the University Code of Conduct.

Prior to Exam Day

1. Each student is required to have a laptop for the purpose of taking computer-based examinations (e-Exams) at SGU. Students must ensure that their laptops meet the current minimum system requirements prior to exam day:
2. Examinees must use their MY SGU Member Center username and password to access the Custom Home Page (www.examsoft.com/sgu) created by ExamSoft for the University.
3. Examinees are responsible for downloading and registering the latest version of Examplify on their laptop prior to exam day. Once Examplify has been successfully downloaded, examinees are strongly encouraged to familiarize themselves with the software by downloading and taking practice exams.
4. Examinees are responsible for setting their laptop up for ExamMonitor prior to the exam (see links below).
5. Examinees will be notified via MyCourses, of all exam related information. Email notifications will also be sent from ExamSoft Support to examinees, notifying them of examinations available for downloading.
6. Examinees experiencing difficulties with their laptop are encouraged to visit the IT department for assistance prior to exam day. Examinees needing a laptop must visit the Office of Institutional Advancement (OIA) to request an exam loaner.
7. Examinees should visit the following information to familiarize themselves with the online proctored exam format and set up their baseline photo.
   1. A Examsoft/ExamID quick guide for students (Please note that the current Examplify version is 2.3.8)
   2. The Examsoft student perspective video 30mins
   3. The Examsoft/ExamID FAQ
   4. Examsoft information page
   5. The general Reminders/Guidelines

The materials (such as slides, handouts and audio/video recordings) provided to students who are taking courses at St. George’s University (SGU) are the intellectual property of the Faculty and/or Administration of SGU. Students are free to use these materials solely for the purpose of group or individual study. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited.