Anatomy 1

Lecture # & Topic

Your lecture/lab Learning Outcome

Course learning outcome

Number/s

1 Course Introduction

Make students familiar with the course structure and course policy.

2 – 10

Introduction / General Anatomy

LLO A1 Define anatomy and describe divisions of anatomy.

LLO A2       Describe and express

anatomical language i.e. nomenclature and terminologies.

LLO A3       Recognize regions of the body, anatomical planes, and Describe directional terms used in anatomy.

LLO A4       Describe the relation

between cell, tissue, and body systems.

LLO A5       List the fundamental tissue of the animal body.

LLO A6       Describe the basic structure of the epithelium.

LLO A7       Describe connective tissue,

its types, and examples;

1, 2

explain the superficial and deep fascia.

LLO A8       Describe the basic structure and function of muscle tissue, classify, and recognize different types of muscles.

LLO A9        Describe the gross structures and function of the tendons, ligaments, synovial bursa, and tendon/synovial sheath.

LLO A10       Describe the composition, structure, function, and classification of the bone tissue.

LLO A11      List parts of the long bone.

LLO A12      Describe the pattern of blood supply to a long bone.

LLO A13      Describe the basic

components of the nervous system of the dog and cat.

LLO A14      Recognize various functional divisions of the nervous system of the dog and cat.

LLO A15       Differentiate components of the Central Nervous System (CNS), Peripheral Nervous System (PNS), and Autonomic Nervous System (ANS).

11 – 19

Arthrology – General, Appendicular (Limbs) & Axial (Vertebral column).

LLO B1       Define joint, describe, and classify different types of joints of the body.

LLO B2       Describe the fibrous,

cartilaginous, and synovial joint.

LLO B3  List the characteristics of the synovial joint and classify the synovial joints.

LLO B4   List and describe the

structure of joints of the forelimb of the dog and cat.

LLO B5 Recognize the structures associated with joints of the

forelimb such as ligaments,

2,3, 4

joint cavities, and associated structures.

LLO B6        Describe the structure of joints of the hindlimb of the dog and cat.

LLO B7        Recognize the structures associated with each joint of the hindlimb such as ligaments, joint cavities, and associated structures.

LLO B8        List the articulations of the vertebral column and understand the structure of these joints. Explain the structure and function of the intervertebral disk.

LLO B9        Recognize various ligaments of the vertebral column.

LLO B10       Understand the basic

organization of the muscles of the vertebral column e.g., epaxial and hypaxial muscle systems.

LLO B11      Classify the joints of the

forelimb, hindlimb, and vertebral column; and know the specific movements present in each joint.

20 - 24

Thoracic Cavity and Respiratory Apparatus

LLO C1  Describe the visceral spaces, list the primary body cavities and their content.

LLO C2       Recognize the structures located within and outside of the visceral space of the neck.

LLO C3       Describe the course of the esophagus and its relationship with the trachea.

LLO C4        List parts of the respiratory apparatus in the canine and feline species.

LLO C5       Describe the structure,

function, and topography of the parts of the respiratory

apparatus i.e., Nose, nasal

2,3, 4

cavity, larynx, trachea, lungs, and thoracic wall.

LLO C6        Describe the structure of the paranasal sinuses and their relationship with the nasal cavity and carnassial teeth.

LLO C7        Describe the structure and recognize the relationship between the thoracic cavity, pleurae, pleural cavity, and the thoracic wall.

LLO C8        Describe the structure and function of the mediastinum and diaphragm.

LLO C9       Discuss the pattern of

lobation and lobulation of the canine and feline lungs.

Recognize the clinical lung field.

LLO C10       Describe the structure and function of the diaphragm. List the important structures that pass through the diaphragm.

LLO C11      Underline the differences in the respiratory system and thoracic wall of the dog and cat.

25 - 31

Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic system

LLO D1 Explain the surface anatomy, internal structure, blood and nerve supply, and function of the heart.

LLO D2       Describe the structure of the pericardium and pericardial cavity.

LLO D3       Discuss the association

between the pleura and pericardium.

LLO D4        Recognize the large blood vessels associated with the

heart.

2,3, 4

LLO D5        Classify the blood vessels depending upon their gross structures.

LLO D6       Discuss the pattern of

systemic and pulmonary blood circulation in adult animals.

LLO D7  List the paired and unpaired branches of the thoracic and abdominal aorta.

LLO D8        list important landmarks on the thoracic wall used in auscultation of the heart.

LLO D9        Underline the differences in the cardiovascular system of the dog and cat.

LLO D10       Describe the organs of the lymphatic system of the body.

LLO D11      List and describe the major lymphatic vessels of the body.

32 – 40

Abdomen - Digestive System and urinary apparatus

LLO E1       Describe the structure and function of the abdominal wall.

LLO E2       List the muscles that form the abdominal wall.

LLO E3       Describe the linea alba and rectus sheath.

LLO E4        Describe the peritoneum, peritoneal cavity, and the mesenteries associated with abdominal viscera.

LLO E5       List parts of the digestive system of the dog and cat.

LLO E6        Describe the structure of the mouth and oral cavity, lips, cheeks, palate, and associated structures.

LLO E7       List the components of the elementary canal.

LLO E8        Describe the structure and function of the esophagus, stomach, intestines, rectum, anal canal, anus, and anal

sphincters.

2,3, 4

LLO E9       List the mesenteries

associated with the elementary canal.

LLO E10       Discuss the topography of the digestive system and abdominal organs.

LLO E11      Describe the structure of the accessory organs and glands of digestion i.e. the tongue, teeth, salivary glands, pancreas, and liver.

LLO E12       Underline the differences in the digestive system and abdominal wall of the dog and cat.

LLO E13      List the organs of the urinary apparatus of the dog and cat.

LLO E14       Describe the external and internal structure of the kidneys of the dog and cat.

LLO E15      Discuss the topographic

anatomy of the kidneys in the dog and cat.

LLO E16       Discuss the structure and topography of the ureters.

LLO E17       Describe the structure of the urinary bladder, its location, and its relationship with the urethra in male and female animals.

LLO E18 Underline the differences in the urinary apparatus of the dog and cat.

41 - 42

The pelvic region and Female reproductive system

LLO F1       Discuss the structure of the pelvic cavity, its relationship with the abdominal cavity, and its excavations.

LLO F2       List parts of the female

reproductive system.

LLO F3       Describe the structure and topography of the female gonads i.e. Ovary in the dog

and cat.

2,3, 4

LLO F4        Describe the structure and topographic anatomy of the tubular genitalia i.e. uterus, vagina, and vestibule of the bitch and queen. Describe the structure of the external genitalia of the dog and

cat. Discuss the structure and topography of the mammae of the dog and cat.

LLO F5       Discuss the structure and function of the accessory sex glands present in the female dog and cat.

LLO F6        Describe the birth canal in the female.

LLO F7       Describe the structure of the perineum (male and female), list the muscles involved in the formation of the pelvic diaphragm.

LLO F8       Describe the anal and

urogenital triangles in the male and female.

LLO F9        Underline the differences in the female reproductive tract and organs of the dog and cat.

43 - 45

The pelvic region and the male reproductive system.

LLO F10  List the organs of the male reproductive system of the dog and cat.

LLO F11      Describe the structure of the urethra in the males.

LLO F12      describe the structure and function of the penis and prepuce of the dog and cat.

LLO F13      Describe the structure of the testes in the dog and cat.

LLO F14       Discuss and compare the location of the testes and scrotum in the dog and cat.

LLO F15      Describe the spermatic cord and vaginal tunic in the dog

and cat.

2,3, 4

LLO F16       Discuss the general features of the inguinal canal and its association with the male and female reproductive organs.

LLO F17      Discuss the structure of the male accessory sex glands present in the dog and cat.

LLO F18       Discuss The “Tie/lock”

mechanism in the dog

LLO F19      Underline the differences in the female reproductive tract and organs of the dog and cat.

46 – 57

The head and nervous system of the dog with Organs of the Special Sense.

LLO G1      Describe the structure of the meninges, discuss the circulation of the cerebrospinal fluid and venous sinuses associated.

LLO G2        Describe the general features of the nervous system of the dog. Differentiate components of the CNS, PNS, and ANS.

LLO G3       Describe the structure of the spinal cord, brachial plexus, and Lumbosacral plexus.

LLO G4       List parts of the brain of the dog and cat.

LLO G5       Describe the gross structure of the major divisions of the brain.

LLO G6       Describe the ventricular

system of the brain and circulation of the CSF through the brain and spinal cord.

LLO G7        List all the Cranial Nerves and discuss their role in the innervation of the respective organs, respective division of the nervous system.

LLO G8       Discuss the structure and passage of the major cranial

nerves.

2,3, 4

LLO G9       List the basic components of the autonomic nervous system and nerve supply to the viscera

LLO G10      Describe the structure and function of the organs of special sense, the Ear and Eye.

55

The Endocrine System

LLO H1      List the endocrine glands of the body and their function.

LLO H2       Describe the structure and topography of the endocrine glands.

2,3, 4

Laboratory session & Topic

Your lecture/lab Learning Outcome

Course learning outcome

Number/s

1

Introduction

The Appendicular skeleton – Forelimb and Hindlimb

LLO I1       Osteology – Osteological terms LLO I2                     Understand the general

terminologies used for common features of the bones.

LLO I3        Identify the common features of the bones on the various bones of the dog and cat.

LLO I4        Identify the bones of the forelimb and Hindlimb.

LLO I5       Describe the anatomical features of the various bones of the forelimb and hindlimb of the dog and cat.

N/A 1,2,

2 – 7

(5 sessions)

Forelimb / Pectoral Limb

1,2,3, 4,

The Muscular System – forelimb and Hindlimb

(Myology – Forelimb, and Hindlimb)

LLO J1       Identify and describe the structure of the Extrinsic Muscles of the thoracic limb

LLO J2        Describe the origin, insertion, function, and innervation of the extrinsic muscles of the forelimb of the dog and cat.

LLO J3       Identify the Intrinsic Muscles of the thoracic limb.

LLO J4         Describe the origin, insertion, function, and innervation of the following intrinsic muscles of the forelimb of the dog and cat

1. lateral and medial muscles of the scapula and shoulder.
2. caudal muscles of the brachium (Arm)
3. cranial muscles of the brachium (Arm).
4. Cranio-lateral muscles of the antebrachium (forearm)
5. Caudo-medial muscles of the antebrachium (Forearm)

LLO J5        List major differences in the extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the forelimb of the dog and cat.

Hindlimb/Pelvic Limb

LLO J6        Identify the muscles of the gluteal region and the hindlimb of the dog and cat.

LLO J7        Describe the origin, insertion, function, and innervation of the following muscles of the Hindlimb of the dog and cat

6. Caudal muscles of the thigh
7. Medial Muscles of the thigh
8. Lateral Muscles of the pelvis
9. Caudal Hip Muscles

10. Cranial Muscles of the Thigh
11. Muscles of the Leg (Crus)

LLO J8      List major differences in the muscles of the hindlimb of the dog and cat.

8 – 9

(1 and a half sessions)

The Axial Skeleton and the Muscles of the trunk.

LLO J9 Identify and describe the bones of the Axial Skeleton.

LLO J10  List the major differences in the axial skeleton of the dog and cat

LLO J11      Identify the hypaxial and epaxial muscles of the neck and trunk.

LLO J12       Identify and describe the origin, insertion, function (action), and innervation of the epaxial and hypaxial muscle systems.

1. Hypaxial muscles of the neck, thoracic wall, and abdominal wall.
2. Epaxial Muscles systems i.e. transversospinalis system, Iliocostalis System and Longissimus system

LLO J13      Identify and describe the structure of the inguinal Canal, deep and superficial inguinal rings, as well as the vaginal tunic in the male and vaginal process I the female.

LLO J14        List major differences in the muscles of the neck and trunk of the dog and cat.

1,2,3, 4,

9 – 10

(1 and a half sessions)

LLO B12       Identify all the joints of the forelimb

LLO B13      Identify, parts, and associated structures of the following joints of the forelimb

1. shoulder Joint,

1,2,3, 4,

Joints of the forelimb, hindlimb and vertebral column

2. Cubital joint
3. carpus
4. distal interphalangeal joint

LLO B14        Identify all the joints of the hindlimb

LLO B15      Identify, parts, and associated structures of the following joints of the hindlimb

1. The hip/coxal joint
2. The stifle /genual joint
3. The tarsus

LLO B16       Identify the Altalnto-occipital and atlantoaxial joint and their parts

LLO B17       Recognize the differences in the joints of the dog and cat.

11 – 14

(4 sessions)

The Neck and Thorax

LLO K1       Identify the blood Vessels and Nerves of the neck

LLO K2       Thorax region of the dog and cat.

1. Superficial Vessels and Nerves of the Thoracic wall
2. Deep Vessels and Nerves of the Thoracic Wall

1,2,3, 4

LLO K3       Identify and describe the following structures in the thoracic cavity of the dog and cat.

3. the Pleura and Mediastinum,
4. Lungs
5. Veins Cranial to the Heart
6. Arteries Cranial to the Heart
7. Thoracic Aorta and Its Branches
8. Components of the Autonomic Nervous System
9. Vessels and nerves of the thoracic cavity

LLO K4        Identify and describe the Heart, pericardium, and associated structures in the dog and cat.

LLO K5       Recognize the major

differences between the dog and cat in the thoracic cavity and its organs.

15 – 16

(2 Sessions)

Blood vessels and Nerves of the Thoracic limb.

LLO L1       Describe and identify the major blood vessels of the thoracic limb and blood circulation in the thoracic limb.

LLO L2       Describe the major areas supplied and drained by following blood vessels and identify them.

1. Axillary artery and branches
2. Brachial artery and branches
3. Median artery and branches
4. Arteries of the forearm and paw

LLO L3        Describe the innervation of the forelimb in general.

LLO L4        Identify the brachial plexus and describe the nerves that form the brachial plexus, and all the nerves derived from the brachial plexus.

1. Nerves of the scapular region and arm
2. Nerves of the forearm and paw

LLO L5       Describe the differences in the vasculature and innervation of the forelimb in the dog and cat.

1,2,3, 4

17 – 20

(3 sessions)

LLO E1       Identify the vessels and nerves of the ventral and lateral parts of the abdominal wall, describe the pattern of

distribution of vasculature

1,2,3, 4

The abdomen and the pelvis

LLO E2

LLO E3

LLO E4

LLO E5 LLO E6

LLO E7

and nerves in this region of the body.

Identify the Inguinal Structures, i.e. Inguinal rings, inguinal canal, vaginal tunic, vaginal process, pudendal vessels and nerves, and lymph node.

Describe the abdominal and Peritoneal Cavities, and identify the parietal and visceral peritoneum.

Identify the organs of the digestive system and urinary system in the abdominal cavity.

Describe the topography of the abdominal viscera.

Identify the liver and its lobes, biliary system, gall bladder, pancreas, and spleen.

Identify the blood vessels and nerves of the abdominal cavity, describe their architecture, including visceral and parietal branches of the abdominal aorta.

The Digestive, Urinary, and the reproductive organs

LLO F1

LLO F2 LLO F3

LLO F4

LLO F5

Identify parts of the male and female reproductive system in the pelvic cavity of the dog and cat.

Describe the topography of the organs of the male and female reproductive systems. Identify the external and internal iliac arteries and their branches responsible for blood supply to the pelvic viscera.

Describe the general pattern of innervation and identify the nerves in the pelvic cavity and pelvic wall.

Identify the mammae.

1,2,3, 4

LLO F6

Describe the differences in the male and female reproductive organs of the dog and cat.

21 - 22

Blood vessels and Nerves of the Hindlimb

LLO L6        Describe the major blood vessels of the pelvic limb/hindlimb and blood circulation in the pelvic limb.

LLO L7        Describe the major areas supplied and drained by following blood vessels and identify them.

1,2,3, 4

1. The femoral artery and its branches
2. The popliteal artery and its branches
3. The saphenous artery and its branches
4. The cranial tibial artery and its branches

LLO L8  Describe the innervation of the hindlimb in general.

LLO L9  Identify all the nerves derived from the lumbosacral plexus, describe the formation of the lumbosacral plexus.

LLO L10 Identify the following nerves in the hindlimb

5. The femoral, ischiatic/sciatic, and obturator nerves.
6. Nerves of the gluteal region and thigh.
7. Nerves of the crus and pes.

LLO L11      Describe the differences in the vasculature and innervation of the hindlimb in the dog and cat.

23 – 26

LLO M1

Identify and describe the bones of the skull and their

1,2,3, 4

(4 Sessions)

The Head of the dog

important features in the dog and cat.

1. Dorsal and Lateral Surfaces of the Skull
2. Ventral Surface of the Skull
3. Caudal Surface of the Skull
4. Mandible
5. Cavities of the Skull

LLO M2       Identify and describe the following structures in the head of the dog.

1. Muscles of the facial expression and major muscles of mastication.
2. Oral Cavity and the pharynx in the sagittal section of the head.
3. Nasal cavity and the Larynx in the sagittal section of the head.
4. The External Ear
5. The Eye and Related Structures
6. The Major Blood vessels and nerves of the head

LLO M3       Underline the differences in the above-mentioned structures of the head of the dog and cat.

LLO M4       Identify and describe the

following structures of the Head and the vertebral column

1. Brain,

1. Cerebrum-Surface Structures
2. Cerebellum
3. Brain Stem-Surface Structures
4. Diencephalon
5. Mesencephalon
6. Ventral Metencephalon
7. Myelencephalon
8. Telencephalon

b. The spinal cord, spinal nerve, and associated structures

LLO M5      List the major structural

differences in the brain of the dog and cat.

Note –

1. The structure in anatomical context refers to the form, disposition, blood, and nerves supply to an organ, system (or system in portion), and part of the body.
2. In virtual teaching, students will identify the structures/organs/their parts on the pictures provided in the questions in the exams and

quizzes.

Course Level Outcome

Program Level Outcome (SVM)

At the end of this course

CLO 1. Students should demonstrate a thorough understanding of the basic animal tissue; relations between the cells, tissue, and organs that form the organ systems.

CLO 2. Students should be able to use the anatomic language appropriately and demonstrate a complete understanding of the anatomic planes and directional terms as well as its application in the clinical setting.

CLO 3. Students should demonstrate a thorough understanding of the systemic anatomy (body systems) and be able to explain the structure, function and topography of the organ systems, and understand the differences between the dog and cat. (Combination of Systemic, topographic, and Comparative anatomy)

CLO 4. The student should be able to relate the knowledge of systemic and topographic anatomy in clinical application, surgical procedures, the common clinical conditions associated with the organs and the systems in the canine and feline species. (Clinical/Applied Anatomy)

A. Core Medical Knowledge

A PLO 01. Recall, understand, and adequately utilize multidisciplinary knowledge of basic structures and functions of healthy animals.

A PLO 06. Apply multidisciplinary scientific knowledge to clinical situations and understand evidence- based veterinary medicine.

GRADE

PERCENT SCORE

GRADE POINTS

A

89.5 - 100

4

B+

84.5 – 89.49

3.5

B

79.5 – 84.49

3

C+

74.5 – 79.49

2.5

C

69.5 – 74.49

2

D+

64.5 – 69.49

1.5

D

59.5 – 64.49

1

F

≤ 59.49

0

No.

Examination / Quiz

Date and Day (Grenada time)

Points

1

Quiz # 1

Week #5

Conducted on Examsoft –

Proctored Quiz

Monday Feb 14, 2022 at 1.30 pm.

20

2

Midterm Lecture Examination

And Midterm Lab

Examination - Part 1

(Week # 8)

Examsoft – Proctored examination Thursday, March 10, 2022, at 12.00 pm

60 + 20

3

Midterm Lab Examination - Part 2

(Week # 8)

Sakai Test and Quizzes

Due on Thursday, March 10, 2022,

before 11.55 pm

20

4

Quiz # 2 (Examsoft)

Week # 12

Examsoft – Proctored Quiz

Monday, April 04, 2022, at 1.30 pm

20

5

Final Lecture Examination

And

Final Lab Examination

- Part 1

(Week # 16)

Examsoft – Proctored examination

Friday, May 06, 2022, at 12.00 pm

60 + 20

6

Final Laboratory Examination

(Week # 16)

Due on Friday, May 06, 2022,

before 11.55 pm

20

240

Syllabus / Topics for examinations and Quizzes will be posted on Sakai.